Learn 3D Modeling and Design – Part 2

Watch the videos divided into 4 parts to learn more about 3D modeling in ARES Commander.

Create 3D Solids with the REVOLVE command

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In this video, we concentrate on the wheel.
We will build it in 2 stages.

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This video is focused on the first stage,
that is to say the design of the “rim” and the “tire” –

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two solids created with the command
REVOLVE.

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To create these solids by revolution
we need 2 closed polylines.

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One closed polyline will be used to create
the rim

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and another one to create the tire.

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To create these polylines, we use the basic
drawing and editing 2D commands.

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We start by creating a graphical reference
– a rectangle.

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Let’s say this rectangle measures 3 on the
X axis and 4 on the Y axis.

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We move it to the middle of this segment,
which matches the “absolute zero” of our drawing.

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Now, let’s make a copy of this rectangle.

Use a Rectangle to draw Polylines

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Then draw an ellipse, which will define the profile of our wheel – or at least its tire.

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Select the Ellipse Center option.

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We indicate the center with a click, and then define the axes.

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We create a parallel ellipse with OFFSET
at a distance of 0.3 inward of the ellipse.

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Draw a line in the Y direction from absolute
zero,

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then rotate it by 10 degrees.

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We create a symetrical line for the horizontal
axis.

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We cut the ellipses, using the lines as references.

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We also cut off the surplus sections.

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Now we can remove the rectangles.

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Here is the tire profile.

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The first goal is achieved.

Draw another Polyline to create a single closed solid

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However, as we created it, it is made of two ellipses and 2 lines.

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But we need a single closed outline
to create a solid with it.

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The form needs to be converted into a single closed polyline.

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Now let’s draw the profile of the rim.

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We start by drawing a polyline.

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Write 0,0

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From here we make a straight line with a value of 0.25

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And now in the vertical direction with a value of 0.8

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For the next segment we want to enter a relative
coordinate.

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We enter “@” followed by the X value, which
will be 0.35

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Now write “,” and set the Y value to 0.90

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In Ares Commander it’s not necessary to write
zero before the decimal point,

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so we simply write “.9″

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We define the next segment of this polyline

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with a relative coordinate, writing @ followed by the value”1” in X.

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After writing “,” set the Y value to “.2”

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The next segment is vertical and has a value
of “.3”

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We then define another relative coordinate,
writing @.45,-.5

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The negative value is simply because in the opposite direction the vector is indicated by the Y axis.

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We will draw the last segment vertically, just looking forward it goes further than the outer arc.

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Press ENTER to end this command.

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Move the polyline to the left with a distance
of “.77”

Eliminate the Reference line to get to the final position

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Now we draw a line between the endpoint and
midpoint.

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We create the missing segment and this arc.

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We could create a line and an arc, but we
will do it differently.

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Let’s copy the line and the existing arc, together with the sloped line we drew a moment ago.

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Now let’s change the layers of these copied
items.

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Turn off the layer of the tire figure.

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Using this as a reference point,
we will move the entities to their final position,

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and eliminate the reference line.

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Now we use TRIM to trim the unwanted extremities
of segments.

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This is the figure we need,

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but it’s only
half of it.

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So we perform a symmetry.

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Turn off the layer of the tire profile.

Using AREA BOUNDARY command to make a solid

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Now we need a single closed polyline.
We will use EXPLODE to decompose these entities.

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So we can eliminate the segments in the middle.

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Although the figure is correct, it is still
not a single closed polyline.

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They are simply individual entities.

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With the command EDIT POLYLINE we select a first segment.

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Ares Commander will identify it as a line
and offers the option to create a polyline.

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Choose “YES”.

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Now it’s a polyline.

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If you choose the “JOIN”
option to unite it with the other segments,

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you get a single closed polyline.

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Activate the layer of the tire.
Again, this figure is not yet a closed polyline.

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To convert it, we will use a different method.

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Instead of using the “Edit Polyline” command, use the “AREA BOUNDARY” command.

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Turn off the “RIM” layer.

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In the DRAW section of the HOME tab
we find the AREA BOUNDARY command.

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Note that in the table you can find a polyline option.

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There’s also an option to create a region.

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Click OK.

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Now just click inside the figure.

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Ares Commander searches a closed perimeter containing the indicated point

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and will then create a single closed polyline.

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Activate the “RIM” layer.

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We actually need 2 profiles to create the
tire and the rim in 3D.

Join the two figures to create one 3D Solid

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Next we have to place these figures in their final position with respect to absolute zero.

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We move both figures 8 units in the drawing.

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Now we will use the REVOLVE command to create solids by revolution.

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Change to the “3D Modeling” workspace.

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First, we create the tire.

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Simply select the closed polyline,

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press ENTER
and indicate the axis of revolution with 2 points.

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One point is absolute zero, which is 0.0

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The other point is located anywhere on the Y axis.

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Please make sure orthogonal is activated.

Define the Axis using default value

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With the defined axis we can indicate the
angle of revolution.

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In this case, it will be 360 degrees – the
default value offered by Ares commander.

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Press ENTER to accept.

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So, we created the tire with the command REVOLVE.

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Switch to the “RIM” layer.

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Turn off the “WHEEL” layer.

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Now, we have to repeat the process for this profile.

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We chose the command REVOLVE.

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Select the profile, press ENTER, indicate the axis by 2 points,

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and press ENTER to accept the 360 degrees offered by Ares Commander.

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With this revolution, we have created the rim.

Display the 3D wheel using Isometric View

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Activate the “WHEEL” layer.

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Select an Isometric view.

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We change the display mode to better see the wheel, meaning the tire and rim.

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In future videos, we will insert the wheel
as an external reference.

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We will work with this model to make some improvements to the design.

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See that in the next videos.

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We will make modifications to this file of
the wheel

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and see how it directly modifies the global file in which it will be inserted as an XRef.

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Note that this is a preliminary design.

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Because in the next videos we work on improvements, especially on the rim.

⇐ Watch the previous video: Create a Toy – with 3D solids_PART 

⇒ Watch the next video: Create a Toy – with 3D solids_PART 3

To learn more about ARES Commander, visit our Youtube Channel: GraebertTV