Learn 3D Modeling and Design – Part 1

Watch the videos divided into 4 parts to learn more about 3D modeling in ARES Commander.

Getting started With 3D modeling

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This video is one out of four explaining how to create this wooden toy.

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This series will illustrate how to potentially create any 3D element – especially with solids.

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In this drawing we see the scheme of the
wooden toy that we’re creating in 3D.

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These are simple entities such as rectangles, circles and ellipses

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There are also some more complex figures which combine lines and arcs to create  closed polylines of singular shapes.

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The goal of each shape is to create a single closed polyline.

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This is crucial to create a three dimensional solid –
using commands such as Extrude or Revolve.

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We will further combine the 3D solids using the Boolean operations UNION, INTERSECT or SUBTRACT.

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By combining basic 2D tools with a few unique 3D tools we can easily create almost any kind of three dimensional object

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To finally achieve this goal …

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In this video we’re going to focus on the saddle and the structure that supports it.

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We’ll create this piece of solid wood with a hollow interior where screws will join this wooden part with the bicycle frame

Drawing two closed polylines to be used as a contour for our 3D shape

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We will need 2 closed polylines. One, defining the outline is ready. But the interior one is not closed yet.

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Indeed, it looks like if it was closed,
but it is not a single polyline – which is what we need to create the hollow inside the future shape.

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But we’ll take care of this issue.

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How do we create this closed polyline?

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We have 3 possibilities.

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First option: Use the Polyline command and redraw each segment on top of the other entities.

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Second option: Use the Edit Polyline command.

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On a segment of polyline, it allows us to attach other continuous segments.

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Third option: Use the AREA BOUNDARY command.

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Click in the drawing.

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Ares Commander will find the closest closed area around the selected point and create a closed polyline around it.

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We can use any of these three methods as long as we have a closed polyline in the end.

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In this case, we will choose “Edit polyline”.

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Simply write “pedit” and press ENTER.

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Select a segment.

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If the selected segment is not a polyline, an arc or line, Ares Commander warns us.

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And gives us the option to turn it
into a polyline.

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So we specify “YES” and press ENTER.

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Now that segment is a polyline

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As a result we can use the JOIN option to join other parts: Type “J” and press ENTER.

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Press ENTER twice to end the operation and exit the command

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If you click again on the entity you see that we have now a single and closed polyline

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Let’s review.
We have a closed polyline here …

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… and a closed polyline here.

Extruding the polylines to create a 3D solid

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With these two closed polylines we will be able to get two 3D solids.

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We do this with the EXTRUDE command.

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Let’s select the workspace 3D MODELING.

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In the HOME tab we find the EXTRUDE command.

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Select both polylines and after pressing ENTER

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define a height of 2 units for the extrusion.

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Let’s move to an isometric view.

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And change the shading mode.

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As we can see there is a solid inside another one.

Subtract one 3D solid from another one

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To create the hollow we must perform Boolean operations, which are UNION, SUBTRACT and INTERSECT

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In this case we will use Subtract.

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Select the outer solid with a clic

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Press ENTER.

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Select the interior solid and press ENTER again.

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The result is a 3D shape with a hollow.

Another 3D extrusion for the saddle

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To create the saddle, we go to the rectangular shape that we see from the front view.

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By using EXTRUDE we will get a first shape

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This is not the final form,

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but it allows us to easily determine
the correct working layer to eventually get the final form.

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Let’s do it. Extrude 10 units.

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We go to the isometric view and 2D shading mode

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Move the prism so that the midpoint of this piece matches the midpoint of the face of the other element.

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We draw two reference lines.

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This process would be correct if the seat had a rectangular shape.

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But that’s not the case.

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However, we can use this prism
to easily locate the working layer we really need.

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For example, the upper level.

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Look at the UCS.

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X indicates this direction and Y this one.

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Applied to the prism, this would be the X direction, and this the Y direction.

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The Z axis indicates this direction.

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If we draw a circle, it has only two dimensions. In level X, Y or a parallel

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We need this circle to relate to this surface.

Relocation of the UCS

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For that, we have to relocate the UCS.

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Here we have a choice of 3 points
We first indicate the “source”.

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Then the directions of X, Y and Z axis.

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Now, the working layer is on the upper side of the prism.

DEFINITION OF THE FINAL CONTOUR FOR THE SADDLE

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We draw a circle with a radius of 3.7 units

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and on the opposite side another circle
with a radius of 2.60

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Now, move the two circles, so that one of its quadrants matches the midpoint of the side of the prism.

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Next, we combine the two circles with an arc on each side.

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Draw the first one, and then perform a symmetry.

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This is the shape of the saddle.

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Now, we need a single closed polyline to create a solid.

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We use the TRIM command to remove the unwanted part.

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You can create a polyline using any of the three methods discussed earlier in this video.

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Like above we choose Edit Polyline

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Select an arc, answer YES to the question asked by ARES Commander,

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and select the JOIN option to unite it with the neighbouring sections.

EXTRUSION OF THE SADDLE IN 3D

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Now we use the EXTRUDE command.

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Select the polyline and indicate a negative value
of -1.5 units

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The structural element is placed inside the saddle.

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Go to the isometric view.

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Turn off the layer of the vertical entities.

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We see that the seat is solid.

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For the vertical element to go inside,
the saddle should provide a notch

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to receive the vertical element.

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To create the notch, we copy the vertical element on itself, so 2 equal elements exist in the same place.

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Select the solid structure with the COPY command. And choose a start and end point which should be the same.

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Now, we have 2 identical overlapping solids.

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Select one with a click and change the layer.

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Next, we turn off the layer of the original structure.

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Then we use the Boolean Subtract operation to subtract the solid structure from the saddle.

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And we achieve the notch we wanted.

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If we need to go deeper,

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we just subtract the part that should be stuck in the saddle.

⇒ WATCH THE NEXT VIDEO: CREATE A TOY – WITH 3D SOLIDS_PART 2

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